INTRODUCTION TO HIGHER ALGEBRA AND REPRESENTATION THEORY (I.Yu.Tipunin)
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- Basic notions of linear algebra
- Linear space, subspace, factor-space
- Linear mappings between spaces, complexes, exact sequences
- Direct sum and tensor product of linear spaces, linear functionals, dual space, tensors
- Complexification and realization of linear spaces, real form
- Grading and filtration on linear space
- Basic algebraic systems
- Associative algebras, Lie algebras
- Mappings between algebras, homomorphisms, isomorphisms
- Subalgebra, ideal and factor-algebra, simple and semi-simple algebras; Abelian, nilpotent, solvable and reductive Lie algebras
- Short exact sequences of algebras
- Algebras Matn (C), Matn (R), gl (n, C), gl (n, R)
- Simplicity of algebras Matn (C) and Matn (R)
- Notions of algebra module and algebra representation
- Reducible, irreducible and completely reducible representations
- Representation homomorphisms, intertwining operator, Schur's lemma
- Theory of weight representations of sl (2, C)
- Notions of highest weight representation, Verma module and contragradient module
- Realization of the Verma module and its contragradient in polinomial space of one variable
- Notion of singular vectors and its explicit finding
- Finite-dimensional irreducible modules
- Weight representations without highest weight
- Extensions of representations
- Examples of representations not being weight
- Classical Lie groups and its Lie algebras
- Definition of groups, group homomorphisms and isomorphisms, subgroups, normal subgroups
- Permutation group, finite groups
- Bi-linear forms which are invariant under group action
- Classical Lie groups GL (n) , SL (n) , O (n) , SO (n) , Sp (n) ; Euclidean, Lorentz and Poincare groups; groups U (n) and SU (n)
- Connection between Lie group and its Lie algebra for matrix groups
- Lie algebras of classical Lie groups
- Bi-linear forms which are invariant under Lie algebra action
- Group action on a multitude, group representation, group orbits, adjoint and coadjoint group representation
- Bi-linear forms on representations of Lie algebras and groups, Killing form
- Cartan subgroup and subalgebras, Borel subgroup and subalgebras, top and bottom triangular subgroups and subalgebras, Gauss decomposition of classical groups and algebras
- Enveloping algebras of Lie algebras
- Free associative algebras and Lie algebras, algebra assignment by means of generatrices and relations
- Enveloping algebra of representation, universal enveloping algebra
- Poincare-Birkhoff-Witt basis
- Connection between representations of Lie algebra and its universal eneveloping algebra
- Universal eneveloping algebra of classical Lie algebras
- Center of universal eneveloping algebra, Casimir operators and center of U (sl (2)) , universal eneveloping algebras of Lorentz and Poincare algebras
- Notion of induced representation, Verma modules of classical Lie algebras
- Tensor product of associative algebras and representations, notion of coproduct, coassociativity and cocommutativity, commutative diagrams, bi-algebras and Hopf algebra
- Realization of universal enveloping algebra of Lie algebra as a space of generalized functions on group, structure of Hopf algebra on universal enveloping algebra of Lie algebra
- Tensor products of algebra representations and contragradient modules
- Tensor products of finite-dimensional irreducible representations of sl (2, C) , Klebsh-Gordan coefficients
- Representations of classical Lie algebras in tensor spaces
- Schur's duality, representation of symmetric group and Young diagram, types of symmetry
- Anticommutative variables, Grassmann algebras, Clifford algebras, connection between Clifford algebras and matrix algebras, complex and real cases, notion of super Lie algebra, simplest examples, trace and supertrace on associative algebra
- Spinors as Clifford algebra representations, charge-conjugate matrix, Majorana and Weyl spinors
- Realization of representations of classical Lie algebras in boson and fermion Fock spaces
- Elements of Cartan theory
- Cartansubalgebras, root vectors, root decomposition, Chevalley's basis, lattices of roots and weights
- Weight representations, representations of the highest and lowest weight, lattice of representation weights, character of representation, representation from " categories O "
- Simple roots, Dynkin diagrams, classification of simple complex Lie algebras, reconstruction of Lie algebra using Dynkin diagram
- Weyl group, Weyl chambers, prepotent weights, integral weights, elements of the structural theory of Verma modules , Jordan-Gelder series for Verma module, repetition factor of simple subfactors, singular vectors, Katz-Kazhdan theorem, structure of " categories O ", shift functor
- Elements of homological algebra
- Chevalley cohomologies of Lie algebras, interpretation of younger cohomological classes, central extensions, affine algebras, Virassaro algebra
- Hochschield cohomologies, elements of deformation theory, deformed brackets
- Some notions of category theory
- Basic computational means: diagrammatic search, long exact sequences of cohomology, algebraical homotopy, resolvents and the simplest spectral sequences
- Computing of cohomologies with coefficients lying in finite-dimesional irreducible representations for simple algebras and its subalgebras, Bernstein-Gelfand-Gelfand resolvent
- Algebraical aspects of quantization
- Poisson algebras, Poisson algebras deformations, notion of deformed quantization
- Poisson-Lie groups, Sklyanin bracket, quantum groups
- Quantum universal enveloping algebras of semi-simple Lie algebras, quasi-tensorial categories, universal R-matrix,Yang-Baxter equations
- Quantum sl(2) and its representations in the root of the identity, infinite-dimensional center
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