FOUNDATIONS OF DIFFERENTIAL GEOMETRY (I.Yu.Tipunin)
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- Introduction
- Manifold as a surface in Rn.
- Tangent space, vector fields, interval, area and volume on an embedded surface
- Non-relativistic and relativistic particles, strings and D-brans
- Mappings of manifolds
- Examples of mappings (embeddings, projections, diffeomorphisms)
- Differential of mapping (behaviour of tangent vectors under mappings)
- Vector fields as infinitesimal diffeomorphisms
- Commutator of vector fields
- Lie algebra of vector fields, conformal invariance of a string
- Local coordinates
- Mapping in local coordinate notation
- Global and local properties
- Concept of covariance
- Transformation of vector fields under replacement of coordinates
- Invariance of the commutator of vector fields
- Independence of the physical content of theory from a reference system (Einstein principle of equivalence)
- Tensor fields
- Examples of tensor fields (metric tensor, Poisson and symplectic structures, complex structure)
- Behaviour of tensor fields under mappings
- Lie derivative concept, invariant vector fields, symmetry, Killing vectors
- Covariance of the Poisson and symplecticity conditions
- Symplectic manifolds
- Darboux's theorem
- Hamiltonoan systems, Hamilton equations, Hamiltonian fluxes, canonical transformations
- Differential forms and operations over it
- Exterior algebra of manifold
- de Rham differential, closed and exact forms
- Poincare lemma, Hodge conjugation
- Maxwell equations in differential form notation
- Self-duality equation
- Superfields, supersymmetry, superspace
- General concept of manifold
- Atlas, maps
- Global and local properties
- de Rahm complex, cohomologies
- Topological interpretation of a dot charge and Aharonov-Bohm effect
- Lie algebras, Lie algebra of vector fields
- Groups of transformations and its Lie algebras
- Lie groups (abstract definition)
- Lie groups as groups of transformations
- Left- and right-invariant vector fields on group
- Symmetries of physical systems (rotations, Lorentz and Poincare group, relativistic invariance, symmetry group of AdS space, conformal symmetry, internal symmetries)
- Vector bundles
- Bundle cross-sections
- Structural group of vector bundle
- Principal bundle associated with vector one
- Tangent bundle and cotangent bundle, bundle of local reference points
- Operations over bundles
- Tensor fields as cross-sections of corresponding bundles
- Trivial and non-trivial bundles
- Parallelizable manifolds
- Connection in vector (principal) bundle
- Connection form and curvature
- Maurer-Cartan equation, parallel transport
- Yang-Mills fields
- Gauge transformations
- Physical applications (transition from a global internal symmetry to a gauge one)
- Invariants of gauge transformations, Yang-Mills action
- Integration on manifolds, volume form
- Stoks theorem, densities and semidensities
- Volume forms on Riemannian and symplectic manifolds, Liuville form
- Actions for dynamic systems on general manifolds
- Chern-Simon action and other topological models
- Riemannian geometry, metric connection, curvature
- GRT (action, Einstein equations, general coordinate invariance)
- Tetradic Einstein-Cartan formalism, supergravitaty
- Almost complex and complex structures
- Niewenhuizen torsion tensor
- Holomorphic and antiholomorphic functions
- Tensor fields on complex manifolds
- Dolboux differentials
- Bi-complex
- Kahlerian manifolds
- Riemannian surfaces
- Conformal transformations, conformal invariance
- Kahlerian S -model
- Elements of supergeometry
- Supermanifolds and super Lie algebras
- Antibracket and D -operator, Batalin-Vylkovsky algebra
- Polyvectors and differential forms, Witten realization of the Batalin-Vylkovsky algebra
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